Essay Planner

Views: List of Points Pros and Cons Topic Map Slideshow

Tools:  Presentation Planner

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About this program

Aim: The aim of this program is to help you plan your essay about "Different cultures develop from different environments". It will:

  1. help you to plan your essay
  2. help you to write your essay, including the Introduction, Body, and Conclusion.
  3. help you to proof-read your essay
  4. produce an essay, which you can save and print out using your browser's File menu.
  5. and speak your essay to you. You can choose a  male or female voice.

 

 

1. Plan your Essay: Drag and drop points to include in your essay

Drag and drop the points below that you want to include in your essay into the topic boxes on the right >

Different cultures develop from different environments
  • because: Environment can put limitation/restriction... (Environmental determinism (2009))
    • because: Geographical factors may limit cultrual...
      • because: The northern culture and southern culture...
    • because: e.g. In some places, the environment is less...
      • because: People's selection of habitats show their...
    • because: Social environment can restrict internal...
      • Problem: If social environment means our society,...
      • because: Because different natural environment, like...
  • because: the culture of a people depends on their environme
    • because: evolution applies to culture (Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed (2009))
      • because: People grow up in their own environment,so...
        • because: e.g Different tribes have different totemic...
      • but: There may also exist a possibality that the...
        • Problem: But what we discusse is culture's origin.It...
        • because: People and environment are interdependent....
    • because: No matter the development of culture is in...
      • Cause: There are three very important factors... (Jared Diamond (1997))
      • Cause: If the development of culture is against the...
    • because: Different environment can help to form...
      • because: Different environment has different factors...
        • because: Different crops suit different environments...
      • because: Just like in northern China, corns harvest...
    • because: the culture of a people depends on their...
      • Problem: the environment may affect their way of...
      • but: So absolutely.Sometimes, other culture will...
    • because: environment is the mother of culture.it...
      • because: For example, in China, northeastern people...
    • because: there is a one-to-one relation between...
      • because: such as Hong Kong people
  • but: different environments cause biological...
    • because: According to Darwin's theory of natural...
    • because: people need to adapt to their environment to...
      • Cause: e.g. Farmers may have relatively higher...
  • but: peoples' intelligence is also a factor (Rushton (1999))
    • Cause: To some extent, people's intelligence can be...
      • but: Environmental adaptation affects intelligence
        • because: environment may direct the way in which...
        • because: such as new genius
    • but: a good environment may help to develop...
      • but: A more severe environment may stimulate the...
        • but: in fact, environment in different places...
        • because: Necessity is the mother of invention. In...
    • because: there is a relationship between intelligence...
      • but: brain to body weight ratio, not brain size (Neuroscience and intelligence (2009))
        • because: no evidence environment affects brain weight ratio
    • but: this is a racist argument
      • but: this is a culturalist argument, not a racist one
      • but: relationship of race & intelligence controversial (Race and intelligence (2009))
    • but: there is not enough evidence to show that...
      • but: Sometimes, a racial(group of people) has its...
    • but: Intelligence, which contains a number of...
      • because: If the environment is the ultimate factor...
      • because: Different emphases on different branches of...
    • but: intelligence's development depends on environment
      • but: how to define an environment as GOOD
      • but: If the environment is too pleasant, the...
        • but: If concentration is limited to how to make a...
  • but: disparate cultures in the same environment (Merrett (2001))
    • because: Different species choose to change in...
    • because: there is a lack of communication and...
    • because: e.g. a violent separatist group coexists...
    • but: though they might have difference but they...
  • because: People adapt differently to different environment.
    • Problem: Darwin's natural selection theory only...
      • because: Different cultures came from the same...
        • but: You do not understand the thoeory of evolution!
          • Effect: Once there is reproductive isolation, they...
            • Effect: Two groups of the same species living in...
              • because: Besides, different environment caused...
  • because: agriculture started in places that were good...
    • because: plants and animals flourished
      • Cause: they had a congenial climate and landscape...
        • Effect: plants, animals, and people spread out along...
    • but: But the countries which now have the best...
    • because: Some places are lacking in big domestic...
    • Effect: settlements turned into villages, which grew...
      • Effect: political organization led to state...
        • because: e.g. the Spanish conquest of the Americas
          • Cause: guns, germs, and steel helped the Spanish...
            • but: the British conquest of India and the Dutch...
    • Effect: wild plant and animal species became...
      • Effect: Epidemic diseases transferred from animals...
      • Effect: the diseases of domesticated animals...
      • Effect: food production rose
        • Effect: features of complex societies emerged
          • because: e.g. writing enabled administrative control...
        • Effect: populations increased
          • Effect: Writing,technology,germs,government or...
          • because: demands increase which need the improve of...
        • Cause: the division of labor generated food...
          • Effect: people began to live in a certain place...
            • Effect: agricultural will emerge which in turn raise...
              • Cause: Different environment, agriculture and...
    • Problem: But agriculture may not lead to cultural...
      • but: e.g. In hunter-gatherer society, people may...
      • because: We cannot omit other factors' influence such...
        • because: As culture is regional, countries that are...
  • because: The environment includes the...
    • because: The environment also influences the...
    • because: The agriculture is the first step of the...
  • because: Definitely, surroundings have crucial...
  • because: Definitely, surroundings have crucial...
  • because: The culture in a certain region is the...
    • because: The environment includes geographical...
  • because: different natural environments produce...
    • but: social structures generally develop in...
    • because: e.g. aboriginal Australians remained hunter/...
      • but: They are perfect hunters and enjoy hunting
      • because: their land was dry and infertile
        • but: Australia is not dry
          • because: Cairns gets over 2 meters of rain per year (Climate of Australia (2009))
          • because: only 44% of Australia is desert (Climate of Australia (2009))
        • but: Australia not infertile, now agricultural exporter (Economy of Australia (2009))
          • because: Australia has its own advantage in...

Move to the next stage and write your essay.

The introduction will go here, but don't write it until you after have chosen your topics.

Topics: (drag points from the left into the topic boxes below. To delete a point, double-click the box, after the point's text):
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Go to: Plan Essay | Write Essay | Definition | Findings | Conclusion | References | Proof-read | Print | Listen

 

2. Write your essay

Introduction

Instructions: Fill in or edit these boxes so that the grammar is correct:

Move 1: Identify the topic / theme

First sentence: Why is the topic important? (e.g. Whether Different cultures develop from different environments is currently a controversial topic.) Tip: do not use 'Nowadays' or 'hot topic' because they are too informal for academic essays.
 .

Move 2: Provide background information (you can put a definition here or in the Definition section)
Search for background information on in

Move 3: Show how the background leads to the problem / issue
e.g. Due to this situation, ...

Move 4: State the objective / purpose
e.g.

Move 5: Outline the structure
e.g. This essay addresses main issues. These are:
.

Click here to , then wait for the page to appear.

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Definition (optional)

Write definitions of any terms that you want to define in the bigger of the two boxes below.
The definition should include the term you are defining; e.g. ' can be defined as...', and the type or category of thing it is.

Search for definitions of in

Definition content:

  1. Term, verb, description; e.g. 'Hong Kong is a world-class Asian city.'
  2. Term, verb, classification, what it is a type of; e.g. 'Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.'

Optional additional definition content:

  • The importance of the term; e.g. 'Hong Kong has a population of nearly 7 million and has the sixth highest per-capita GDP in the world.'
  • Any common misunderstandings; e.g. 'The term 'Hong Kong' applies not only to the Special Administrative Region (SAR), but also to Hong Kong island, which is only one of the over-250 islands in the SAR. (Wikipedia (2025). )'
  • References for statements in the definition; e.g. Wikipedia (2025). '.
  • Examples; e.g. 'There is one other example of a special administrative region of China, and that is Macau.'
  • Controversies; e.g. 'The most suitable level of democratisation for Hong Kong has been controversial since 1997.'
  • It's development; e.g. 'Beginning as a trading port in the 19th century, Hong Kong has developed into a leading financial centre. Hong Kong was a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1842 until the transfer of its sovereignty to the People's Republic of China in 1997. (Wikipedia (2025). )'
     

Go to: Plan Essay | Write Essay | Definition | Findings | Conclusion | References | Proof-read | Print | Listen

 

Findings

Point 1

1.1     Make a topic sentence by filling in these fields:
1.1.1 Write or edit the ordering, hedging and organisation system words:

1.1.2 Write or edit the rest of the topic sentence:

1.2 Write or edit the details of point 1 in here:

Point 2

2.1     Make a topic sentence by filling in these fields:
2.1.1 Write or edit the ordering, hedging and organisation system words:

2.1.2 Write or edit the rest of the topic sentence:

2.2 Write or edit the details of point 2 in here:

Point 3

3.1     Make a topic sentence by filling in these fields:
3.1.1 Write or edit the ordering, hedging and organisation system words:

3.1.2 Write or edit the rest of the topic sentence:

3.2 Write or edit the details of point 3 in here:

Point 4

4.1     Make a topic sentence by filling in these fields:
4.1.1 Write or edit the ordering, hedging and organisation system words:

4.1.2 Write or edit the rest of the topic sentence:

4.2 Write or edit the details of point 4 in here:

Click here to
(Please be patient, as it may take some time to process) .

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Discussion (Optional)

Compare the quality of the above arguments here:
e.g. "While the first argument seems persuasive, the second argument is better supported by evidence, and that evidence appears to be of higher quality."

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Conclusion

1. Re-state objective
e.g. In conclusion, in this essay the objective was

2. Summarise the main points
e.g. To summarise, main points have been covered,
.

4. Evaluate evidence
Compare the quality of the different points that you have included above.

5. Express your view
e.g. "In my view," + clause; " Taking all these arguments into consideration, I believe that" + clause; or " My personal opinion is that" + clause.

6. Make recommendations or describe the future of the topic
e.g. "I recommend that" + clause; "I recommend" + _ing verb + ...; "This would result in" + noun phrase.

Click here to , then wait for the page to appear.

 

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Bibliography / References

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3. Proof-read your Essay

The following functions will help you to proof-read your essay:
    And proof-read it with your own eyes!

Check spelling Change language

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4. Print your essay script

Click here to print out a script of your essay.

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5. Listen to part of the essay

Listen to your:

Wait

Audio files

Your essay text will load into the text-to-speech program. This will take about 30 seconds.

The audio files of your essay will appear below.

Wait for the 'Play' buttons to appear.

Click the 'Play' buttons to hear the sentences from your essay.

 

Text-to-speech output files:

Go to: Plan Essay | Write Essay | Definition | Findings | Conclusion | References | Proof-read | Print | Listen