Points:
Male dominance in the engineering field is not something intrinsic to the profession itself, on the contrary, it is a socio-cultural phenomenon - but: there are always more boys than girls studying sciences and mathematics in secondary schools and universities (Craker (2006) )
 - because: males are better at subjects like physics and mathematics, which are crucial to success in the engineering field, than females
 - because: men have better attitudes toward science than women, and that men are more apt to continue studying science (Weinburgh (1998) )
 - but: it is nothing natural nor inevitable to the study of sciences and engineering
- because: attitudes toward science change with exposure to science, which may be related to the quality of that exposure (Gogolin (1992) )
- but: comparing to men, women are generally discouraged from pursuing engineering profession as a career (Phipps (2002) )
- because: women graduate students are often dissuaded from pursuing certain areas of science, such as mathematical, theoretical investigations or experimental works (Wilson (1992) )
- because: engineering is generally regarded as a masculine activity, a form of employment that strips women of their feminine qualities (Phipps (2002) )
- because: general public always mis-conceive engineering as activity involving manual labor, which indeed is more about using one's intelligent (Phipps (2002) )
- because: the pre-dominance of the old boy's network within the industry poses a great disadvantage to women in pursuing a career in engineering
- because: there is often lack of female role model in institutes of engineering and technology, as more female professors will lead to more female students
- because: the perception of engineering as "male-identified" contributes to the female minority in the field (Phipps (2002) )
- because: the perception of male-dominance in the engineering field further re-enforces itself - a vicious circle
- because: female finds it deeply unattractive to devote to a field which is dominated by male
- but: men have natural advantage over women favoring them in pursuing a successful career in engineering
- because: engineering makes extraordinary demands on availability in time & location, raises conflicts with the family responsibilities that is borne by women (Matyas (1992) )
- because: e.g. the period when successful engineering careers are usually forged corresponds to the period of childbearing (Matyas (1992) )
- but: women's role as housewives in a family is not a necessary conclusion of male/female biological differences, but a cultural contingency
- but: male is generally more interested in engineering related subjects such as computer, science and technology by nature
 - but: boys are often better acquainted with computers than girls (technolog.it.umn.edu)
 - because: many children familiarize themselves with computers, regarding themes such as combat, war, and male oriented sports, which are more appealing to boys (technolog.it.umn.edu)
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