Male dominance in the engineering field is not something intrinsic to the profession itself, on the contrary, it is a socio-cultural phenomenon
For	Against
the perception of engineering as "male-identified" contributes to the female minority in the field	there are always more boys than girls studying sciences and mathematics in secondary schools and universities men have natural advantage over women favoring them in pursuing a successful career in engineering male is generally more interested in engineering related subjects such as computer, science and technology by nature

there are always more boys than girls studying sciences and mathematics in secondary schools and universities
For	Against
males are better at subjects like physics and mathematics, which are crucial to success in the engineering field, than females

males are better at subjects like physics and mathematics, which are crucial to success in the engineering field, than females
For	Against
men have better attitudes toward science than women, and that men are more apt to continue studying science	comparing to men, women are generally discouraged from pursuing engineering profession as a career

men have better attitudes toward science than women, and that men are more apt to continue studying science
For	Against
	it is nothing natural nor inevitable to the study of sciences and engineering

it is nothing natural nor inevitable to the study of sciences and engineering
For	Against
attitudes toward science change with exposure to science, which may be related to the quality of that exposure

comparing to men, women are generally discouraged from pursuing engineering profession as a career
For	Against
women graduate students are often dissuaded from pursuing certain areas of science, such as mathematical, theoretical investigations or experimental works the pre-dominance of the old boy's network within the industry poses a great disadvantage to women in pursuing a career in engineering

women graduate students are often dissuaded from pursuing certain areas of science, such as mathematical, theoretical investigations or experimental works
For	Against
engineering is generally regarded as a masculine activity, a form of employment that strips women of their feminine qualities

engineering is generally regarded as a masculine activity, a form of employment that strips women of their feminine qualities
For	Against
general public always mis-conceive engineering as activity involving manual labor, which indeed is more about using one's intelligent

the pre-dominance of the old boy's network within the industry poses a great disadvantage to women in pursuing a career in engineering
For	Against
there is often lack of female role model in institutes of engineering and technology, as more female professors will lead to more female students

the perception of engineering as "male-identified" contributes to the female minority in the field
For	Against
the perception of male-dominance in the engineering field further re-enforces itself - a vicious circle

the perception of male-dominance in the engineering field further re-enforces itself - a vicious circle
For	Against
female finds it deeply unattractive to devote to a field which is dominated by male

men have natural advantage over women favoring them in pursuing a successful career in engineering
For	Against
engineering makes extraordinary demands on availability in time & location, raises conflicts with the family responsibilities that is borne by women

engineering makes extraordinary demands on availability in time & location, raises conflicts with the family responsibilities that is borne by women
For	Against
e.g. the period when successful engineering careers are usually forged corresponds to the period of childbearing

e.g. the period when successful engineering careers are usually forged corresponds to the period of childbearing
For	Against
	women's role as housewives in a family is not a necessary conclusion of male/female biological differences, but a cultural contingency

male is generally more interested in engineering related subjects such as computer, science and technology by nature
For	Against
	boys are often better acquainted with computers than girls

boys are often better acquainted with computers than girls
For	Against
many children familiarize themselves with computers, regarding themes such as combat, war, and male oriented sports, which are more appealing to boys